OGGETTO: ATTRIBUZIONE DELLA CONDIZIONE DI “PES” (Persona ESperta) per l’esecuzione di lavori elettrici Fuori Tensione e In prossimit 1 AMBITO DI APPLICAZIONE. I requisiti di cui al presente Allegato si applicano agli edifici aventi destinazione d'uso di cui all'articolo 3 del decreto del Presidente della Repubblica 26 agosto 1993, n. Guida + Immagini per Patchare le ISO dei giochi Xbox 360 per essere eseguite su qualsiasi versione di firmware ixtreme. DOWNLOAD 360 WAVES PATCHER (rapidshare, megaupload). Nessun bisogno di aggiornare il firmware. Cerchiamo di fare informazione, dal basso, coprendo tutte quelle aree che la stampa volutamente lascia oscure. Cerchiamo di porre l'attenzione sui veri problemi della citt Ai fini della sicurezza dei lavoratori e per la protezione dell’ambiente, ogni azienda deve identificare i possibili pericoli e valutarli alla luce dei possibili rischi connessi. Tra questi gioca un ruolo decisivo l. How To - Come avviare copie di backup con modifica software su Wii (no modchip)Finalmente ci siamo, grazie allo sforzo della comunit. Se seguite questa guida, non dovrete neanche aprire la vostra console e avviare i vostri dvdr sar! Non effettuate alcun aggiornamento per la vostra console! Futuri aggiornamenti rendono inutilizzabile il sistema qui descritto e possono compromettere inevitabilmente il funzionamento della vostra console. Se avete la versione 3. E con l’aggiornamento dopo il 2. Ottobre (3. 3. E v. Se avete la versione 3. E dovete in ogni caso seguire questo post e scaricare la versione sd. In questo blog siamo contro la pirateria. Usate solo copie di backup dei giochi regolarmente acquistati e di cui siete in possesso. Per le domande pi! Aggiunte e rimosse alcune info. All’interno del file troverete: l’hack del salvataggio di Zelda Twilight Princess, l’Home. Brew Channel, il Backup Launcher e il c. IOS Installer. Non avete bisogno di scaricare altro. Downloadper Firmware < = 3. E : sd. Cosa serve per iniziare. Procuratevi le seguenti cose: Una console Nintendo Wii. Una scheda di memoria SD (non funzionano quelle ad alta capacit. Copiare il salvataggio di Zelda Twilight Princess dal Wii alla scheda di memoria SDSe non volete conservare i vostri progressi in Zelda Twilight Princess, saltate questo punto e andate direttamente al 4. Fate una copia del vostro salvataggio originale di Zelda perch. Per fare la copia, accedete al menu del Wii - > Opzioni Wii- > Gestione dati- > Dati Salvati- > Wii. Con la scheda SD inserita, copiate il salvataggio di Zelda dalla console alla scheda di memoria appena inserita cliccando sul salvataggio e scegliendo Copia dal menu Console Wii. Dopo aver copiato il salvataggio, inserite la scheda SD in un card reader per leggerla sul PC (va bene anche una fotocamera che legge schede SD) e prendete il file data. Copiare tutto il contenuto del file sd. A questo punto la scheda di memoria SD deve avere almeno questi file nella root (radice): /0. La cartella /apps/ contiene i programmi che vi servono per leggere le vostre copie di backup masterizzate. L’altra directory /0. Per farlo accedete al menu del Wii - > Opzioni Wii - > Gestione dati - > Dati Salvati - > Wii e scegliete da sopra il menu Scheda SD, selezionare il salvataggio con nome Twilight Hack EUR (come mostrato in figura) e scegliere Copia. Installare l’Home. Brew Channel con Zelda Twilight Princess. Inserite la scheda SD nel Wii e avviate Zelda Twilight Princess originale caricando il primo (e unico) salvataggio. Camminate con il personaggio e parlate con la persona che si trova di fronte a voi; confermate e immediatamente partir. Avviate le vostre copie di backup : -)A questo punto abbiamo quasi finito. Avviate l’Home. Brew Channel dal menu principale con la scheda SD ancora inserita e troverete una serie di programmi, ovvero quelli contenuti nella directory /apps/ della scheda SD. Dalla lista selezionate per prima cosa c. IOS Installer e fate partire l’installazione premendo su A. L’installazione di c. IOS va fatta solo la prima volta e senza tenere joypad o memory card del gamecube inserite. Se a questo punto avrete problemi e avete il firmware 3. E o il 3. 4. E seguite quest’altro post sul blog per risolverli e proseguire. Altrimenti continuate pure a leggere. Complimenti! Ora potete tranquillamente avviare il Backup Launcher, inserire il vostro DVD masterizzato e scegliere Launch Game. Con la versione gamma . Quest’ultima feature funziona solo con le copie 1: 1 dei giochi (cio. Risolvere l’errore 3. Backup Launcher si tenta di caricare una copia di backup. Se avete questo errore, continuate a leggere, altrimenti saltate direttamente alle note (punto 8). Le cause di questo errore possono essere due: il supporto che non viene letto correttamente o un problema con il c. IOS Installer. Scaricate il c. IOS Uninstallerda qui, copiatelo nella cartella /apps/ e avviatelo per rimuovere il c. IOS. A questo punto provate nuovamente ad usare il c. IOS Installer e caricare i vostri backup con il Backup Launcher. Se neanche in questo modo dovesse funzionare, cancellate la cartella /0. SD e con la console collegata ad internet, ripetete la reinstallazione del c. IOS Installer (in questo modo i file vengono caricati da internet e non dalla scheda SD). Se avete seguito il procedimento e l’errore risulta sempre 3. I DVD- RWnon funzionano cos. Note. Dopo aver installato l’Home. Brew Channel e verificato che i vostri backup partono, potete cancellare la directory /private/ la directory /0. IOS. Ora avrete solo il Backup Launcher pronto. Se volete usare altri programmi, sar? Leggete le FAQ per Modifica Software su Wii. Ritornare alla situazione originale. Per qualsiasi problema, . Anche se avete formattato potrete tranquillamente riscaricare gratuitamente i titoli e programmi che avete acquistato in precedenza nel Wii Shop (solo legati all’id della vostra Wii). Ricordatevi eventualmente di copiare i salvataggi dei giochi nella scheda SD per ripristinarli in seguito dopo la formattazione.
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Logic programming - Wikipedia. Logic programming is a programming paradigm based on formal logic. A program written in a logic programming language is a set of sentences in logical form, expressing facts and rules about some problem domain. Major logic programming language families include Prolog, Answer set programming (ASP) and Datalog. In all of these languages, rules are written in the form of clauses: H : - B1, . Facts are rules that have no body, and are written in the simplified form: H. In the simplest case in which H, B1, . However, there exist many extensions of this simple case, the most important one being the case in which conditions in the body of a clause can also be negations of atomic formulae. Logic programming languages that include this extension have the knowledge representation capabilities of a non- monotonic logic. In ASP and Datalog, logic programs have only a declarative reading, and their execution is performed by means of a proof procedure or model generator whose behaviour is not meant to be under the control of the programmer. However, in the Prolog family of languages, logic programs also have a procedural interpretation as goal- reduction procedures: to solve H, solve B1, and .. As a clause in a logic program, it can be used both as a procedure to test whether X is fallible by testing whether X is human, and as a procedure to find an X that is fallible by finding an X that is human. Even facts have a procedural interpretation. For example, the clause: human(socrates). X that is human by . Moreover, logic- based program transformation techniques can also be used to transform logic programs into logically equivalent programs that are more efficient. In the Prolog family of logic programming languages, the programmer can also use the known problem- solving behaviour of the execution mechanism to improve the efficiency of programs. History. However, the first proposal to use the clausal form of logic for representing computer programs was made by Cordell Green. Foster and Elcock's Absys, on the other hand, employed a combination of equations and lambda calculus in an assertional programming language which places no constraints on the order in which operations are performed. Advocates of declarative representations were notably working at Stanford, associated with John Mc. Carthy, Bertram Raphael and Cordell Green, and in Edinburgh, with John Alan Robinson (an academic visitor from Syracuse University), Pat Hayes, and Robert Kowalski. Advocates of procedural representations were mainly centered at MIT, under the leadership of Marvin Minsky and Seymour Papert. The most influential implementation of Planner was the subset of Planner, called Micro- Planner, implemented by Gerry Sussman, Eugene Charniak and Terry Winograd. It was used to implement Winograd's natural- language understanding program SHRDLU, which was a landmark at that time. Planner gave rise to the programming languages QA- 4, Popler, Conniver, QLISP, and the concurrent language Ether. Hayes (1. 97. 3) developed an equational language, Golux, in which different procedures could be obtained by altering the behavior of the theorem prover. Kowalski collaborated with Colmerauer in Marseille, who developed these ideas in the design and implementation of the programming language Prolog. The Association for Logic Programming was founded to promote Logic Programming in 1. Prolog gave rise to the programming languages ALF, Fril, G. An important concept in logic programming is the separation of programs into their logic component and their control component. With pure logic programming languages, the logic component alone determines the solutions produced. The control component can be varied to provide alternative ways of executing a logic program. This notion is captured by the slogan. Semantics of Normal Logic Programs with Embedded. In this paper we provide semantics for normal logic programs enriched with structuring mechanisms and scoping rules. Specifically, we consider constructive negation. Horn clause logic programs need to be extended to normal logic programs. A Monotonic Declarative Semantics for Normal Logic. The Well-founded Semantics in Normal Logic Programs with Uncertainty. Algorithm = Logic + Controlwhere . The top- level goal is the root of the tree. Given any node in the tree and any clause whose head matches the node, there exists a set of child nodes corresponding to the sub- goals in the body of the clause. These child nodes are grouped together by an . The alternative sets of children corresponding to alternative ways of solving the node are grouped together by an . Prolog uses a sequential, last- in- first- out, backtracking strategy, in which only one alternative and one sub- goal is considered at a time. Resumen de Some contributions to the semantics of normal logic programs. Ana Edelmira Pasarella S. In this dissertation we study different problems that arise. Other search strategies, such as parallel search, intelligent backtracking, or best- first search to find an optimal solution, are also possible. In the more general case, where sub- goals share variables, other strategies can be used, such as choosing the subgoal that is most highly instantiated or that is sufficiently instantiated so that only one procedure applies. Such strategies are used, for example, in concurrent logic programming. Negation as failure. A clause in a normal logic program has the form: H : - A1, . The negation in the negative literals not Bi is commonly referred to as . For example: canfly(X): -bird(X),notabnormal(X). X): -wounded(X). bird(john). Given the goal of finding something that can fly: there are two candidate solutions, which solve the first subgoal bird(X), namely X = john and X = mary. The second subgoal not abnormal(john) of the first candidate solution fails, because wounded(john) succeeds and therefore abnormal(john) succeeds. However, The second subgoal not abnormal(mary) of the second candidate solution succeeds, because wounded(mary) fails and therefore abnormal(mary) fails. Therefore, X = mary is the only solution of the goal. Micro- Planner had a construct, called . An equivalent operator is normally built- in in modern Prolog's implementations. It is normally written as not(Goal) or \+ Goal, where Goal is some goal (proposition) to be proved by the program. This operator differs from negation in first- order logic: a negation such as \+ X == 1 fails when the variable X has been bound to the atom 1, but it succeeds in all other cases, including when X is unbound. This makes Prolog's reasoning non- monotonic: X = 1, \+ X == 1 always fails, while \+ X == 1, X = 1 can succeed, binding X to 1, depending on whether X was initially bound (note that standard Prolog executes goals in left- to- right order). The logical status of negation as failure was unresolved until Keith Clark . Completion amounts roughly to regarding the set of all the program clauses with the same predicate on the left hand side, say. H : - Body. 1. Writing the completion also requires explicit use of the equality predicate and the inclusion of a set of appropriate axioms for equality. However, the implementation of negation by failure needs only the if- halves of the definitions without the axioms of equality. For example, the completion of the program above is: canfly(X) iff bird(X), not abnormal(X). X) iff wounded(X). X) iff X = john or X = mary. X = X. not john = mary. The notion of completion is closely related to Mc. Carthy's circumscription semantics for default reasoning, and to the closed world assumption. As an alternative to the completion semantics, negation as failure can also be interpreted epistemically, as in the stable model semantics of answer set programming. In this interpretation not(Bi) means literally that Bi is not known or not believed. The epistemic interpretation has the advantage that it can be combined very simply with classical negation, as in . The inclusion of negation as failure means that logic programming is a kind of non- monotonic logic. Despite its simplicity compared with classical logic, this combination of Horn clauses and negation as failure has proved to be surprisingly expressive. For example, it provides a natural representation for the common- sense laws of cause and effect, as formalised by both the situation calculus and event calculus. It has also been shown to correspond quite naturally to the semi- formal language of legislation. In particular, Prakken and Sartor . It emerged from a collaboration between Colmerauer in Marseille and Robert Kowalski in Edinburgh. Colmerauer was working on natural language understanding, using logic to represent semantics and using resolution for question- answering. During the summer of 1. Colmerauer and Kowalski discovered that the clausal form of logic could be used to represent formal grammars and that resolution theorem provers could be used for parsing. They observed that some theorem provers, like hyper- resolution, behave as bottom- up parsers and others, like SL- resolution (1. It was in the following summer of 1. Kowalski, again working with Colmerauer, developed the procedural interpretation of implications. This dual declarative/procedural interpretation later became formalised in the Prolog notation. H : - B1, . It also became clear that such clauses could be restricted to definite clauses or Horn clauses, where H, B1, . Kowalski's procedural interpretation and LUSH were described in a 1. The first Prolog program, also written in 1. Marseille, was a French question- answering system. The use of Prolog as a practical programming language was given great momentum by the development of a compiler by David Warren in Edinburgh in 1. Experiments demonstrated that Edinburgh Prolog could compete with the processing speed of other symbolic programming languages such as Lisp. Edinburgh Prolog became the de facto standard and strongly influenced the definition of ISO standard Prolog. Abductive logic programming. A clause in an abductive logic program has the form: H : - B1, . The abducible predicates can be constrained by integrity constraints, which can have the form: false : - B1, . For example: canfly(X): -bird(X),normal(X). X),wounded(X). bird(john). Problem solving is achieved by deriving hypotheses expressed in terms of the abducible predicates as solutions of problems to be solved. These problems can be either observations that need to be explained (as in classical abductive reasoning) or goals to be solved (as in normal logic programming). United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. 2016 Ninth Circuit Judicial Conference Videos Now Available Videos of general sessions from conference now online.
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As part of its obligation to spend taxpayers. The evaluations should be large- scale, multisite studies to guard against mistakenly assuming that a program that works in one location or with one population will automatically work in other situations. If the only task of teachers was to teach the three R's., crisis intervention and prevention programs, they help young people overcome the difficulties in their lives, and as a result, give. Primary, secondary and tertiary prevention. If you set up programs and support groups that teach people how to live with their persistent. Preventing and Managing Disabling Injury at Work; Social Determinants of Health. Congress should place substantially less emphasis on funding evaluations based on less rigorous types of research designs, because their conclusions are much less reliable. Finally, Congress should exercise strict oversight to ensure that the evaluations are conducted and the results reported in a timely manner. The notion that public policy should be informed by social science has gained widespread acceptance. The evaluation of federal social programs, using scientific techniques, offers policymakers and the public ample opportunities to learn about the effectiveness of government programs. Despite the availability of evaluation methods, the effectiveness of federal social programs is often unknown in far too many cases. Many programs operate for decades without ever undergoing thorough scientific evaluations. With the enormous federal debt increasingly shaping policy debates in Washington, D. C., Congress should subject all federal social programs to rigorous evaluations to determine what works and what does not work. Evidence- Based Policy. The social sciences can make important contributions to policymaking. Perhaps the greatest contribution is the evidence- based policy movement that seeks to inform and influence policymakers through scientifically rigorous evaluations of the effectiveness of government programs. Thus, the implementation of rigorous impact evaluation offers policymakers excellent opportunities to exercise oversight of government programs. Policymakers are shirking their responsibilities to taxpayers if they continue to fund social programs that are not known to work or that do not work at all. Obviously, there is little merit in continuing programs that fail to ameliorate their targeted social problems. However, there is disagreement over what can be counted as evidence.? Despite such disagreements, this paper argues that experimental evaluations are the most credible and accurate method by which to assess effectiveness. The Advantages of Experimental Evaluations. The impact of programs cannot be estimated with 1. All such impact evaluations face formidable control problems that make successful estimates difficult. As a general rule, the more rigorous the research methodology is, the more reliable the evaluation. However, evaluations differ by the quality of methodology used to separate the net impact of programs from other factors that may explain differences in outcomes between comparison and intervention groups. Broadly speaking, there are three types of research designs: experimental designs, quasi- experimental designs, and nonexperimental designs. OSHA's Guidelines for Preventing Workplace Violence for Healthcare and Social Service. Public health social workers draw on the rich traditions. Review a recently published article about public health social work. Random assignment helps to ensure that the control group is equivalent to the intervention group in composition, predispositions, and experiences. Random assignment allows the evaluator to test for differences between the experimental and control groups that are due to the intervention and not to pre- intervention discrepancies between the groups. Because they draw members of the interaction and comparison groups from the same pool of eligible participants, these experimental evaluations are superior to other evaluations that use weaker designs. In addition, this design. Further, the results of an evaluation using sophisticated statistical modeling techniques can . For diverse populations to benefit from prevention and early intervention programs. In addition, SAMHSA supports the. While quasi- experimental and nonexperimental designs use sophisticated techniques, experimental evaluations are still considered better at producing reliable estimates of program effects. Evidence in criminal justice policy indicates that quasi- experimental and nonexperimental evaluations are more likely to find favorable intervention effects and less likely to find harmful intervention effects. Congress has a responsibility to ensure that experimental evaluations are used to assess the impact of federal social programs. Quasi- experimental and nonexperimental designs, no matter how well designed, may be incapable of controlling for non- program factors that influence how participants respond to the intervention. Given the importance of criminal justice policy, Professor David Weisburd of George Mason University argues that researchers have a moral imperative to conduct randomized experiments. Yet Congress has seldom supported experimental evaluation of federally funded grant programs. Major Experimental Evaluation of Federal Social Programs. Despite the trillions of dollars that Congress has spent on federal social programs, only a few programs have undergone large- scale experimental impact evaluations. These evaluations include: Negative Income Tax Experiments (1. Policymakers should not make this assumption. Many advocates of social programs have adopted the language of the . Under the evidence- based policy movement, programs found to be effective using rigorous scientific methods are deemed . In addition, these evidence- based programs have often been implemented by highly trained professionals operating under ideal conditions. These programs are carefully monitored to ensure that the participants receive the intended level of treatment. In the real world, program conditions are often much less than optimal. The success of replicating evidence- based programs often depends on implementation fidelity. Incorrect implementation often accounts for the failures of previously successful or model programs when implemented in other jurisdictions. Reconnecting Youth. Reconnecting Youth was designated as a . Overall, Reconnecting Youth had no effect on academic performance, truancy, or substance abuse. However, Reconnecting Youth participants showed statistically significant decreases in conventional peer bonding and pro- social weekend activities (e. Multisystemic therapy (MST) is another program model that has been labeled effective. It has shown promise in reducing the delinquency of youth who display serious antisocial behavior. As a highly intensive and tailored counseling program aimed at individuals, not groups, MST recognizes that antisocial behavior is influenced by three areas where youth interact: family, school, and peer associations. Littell of Bryn Mawr College and her colleagues have pointed out that some MST experimental evaluations have suffered from attrition in which subjects in the evaluation dropped out of treatment. This type of attrition breaks equivalence between the intervention and control groups, thus biasing the impact estimates. Further, the successful MST effects have yet to be replicated in other settings. An experimental evaluation of MST in Ontario, Canada, included intervention dropouts in its final outcome measures to avoid the problem of attrition. This evaluation, unbiased by attrition, found that MST failed to reduce delinquency. The Appendix presents model legislative language that Congress could use to mandate experimental evaluation of the social programs that it authorizes and funds. Step #1: When authorizing a new program or reauthorizing an existing program, Congress should specifically mandate experimental evaluation of the program. Congressional mandates are necessary because federal agencies often resist performing experimental evaluations. Local recipients of federal funding may also resist participating in experimental evaluations for a variety of reasons. They may not want to deny services to members of the control group or may not want the final results to reflect negatively on the program. For example, many jurisdictions receiving funding through the Job Training Partnership Act and Job Opportunities and Basic Skills programs refused to cooperate with large- scale experimental evaluations of these programs. For example, Upward Bound is a program intended to help disadvantaged high school students prepare for college. Many Upward Bound centers and the Council for Opportunity in Education (COE), which lobbies on behalf of Upward Bound centers, opposed Department of Education efforts under the George W. Bush Administration to conduct an experimental evaluation of Upward Bound. COE President Arnold L. Mitchem compared the use of random assignment, which would ultimately deny some eligible students access to Upward Bound, to the infamous Tuskegee syphilis experiments, in which medical treatment was withheld from black men so that government scientists could learn about the negative effects of the disease. Experimental evaluations are the only way to determine to a high degree of certainty the effectiveness of social programs. Congress should not cave in to interest groups that are opposed to rigorous evaluation of their programs. Congress should mandate that all recipients of federal funding, if selected for participation, must cooperate with evaluations in order to receive future funding. Step #2: The experimental evaluations should be large- scale, multisite studies. When Congress creates programs, especially state and local grant programs, the funded activities are implemented in multiple cities or towns. Federal grants are intended to be spread out across the nation. For this reason, Congress should require national, multisite experimental evaluations of these programs. While individual programs funded by federal grants may undergo experimental evaluations, these small- scale, single- site evaluations do not inform policymakers of the general effectiveness of national programs. Small- scale evaluations only assess the impact on a small fraction of people served by federal social programs. Boston College High School - Register Today for the BC High Summer Program. Academic Enrichment. For entering grades 6- 1. Our Academic program offers enrichment, remedial, and standardized test preparation classes for girls and boys entering grades 6- 1. Our enrichment classes run for either 3 or 6 weeks depending on the class. The remedial classes, which are intended for students who did not meet their school's minimum grade requirements, meet for 5 weeks. The ACT classes run for three weeks. ISEE and SSAT classes each run for three weeks. 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